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酒泉翻譯公司關鍵字：3, the industrial management of agriculture, the adverse external financing environment.The process of industrialization of agriculture agricultural park, the production base construction, agricultural cultivation and development of leading enterprises are required when the loan support. In China, a long credit funds allocated to state-owned enterprises tilt, agricultural industrialization leading enterprises are not given enough credit.
(1) the supply of rural financial market with distinctive characteristics of separatism, the lack of the necessary organizational collaboration. Large number of agricultural industrialization of business entities in rural credit markets led directly to the dispersion of demand and competition, and thus need to meet a wide range of financial institutions. However, since 1996, the rural financial reform orientation is banned in the clean up of private finance in the context of the existing formal financial system, self-improvement, it still showed the supply of rural credit market segmentation in the context of monopoly, not the subject of industrial management of agriculture provide a flexible, diverse financial services. Agricultural Bank primarily supports a higher credit rating, but a small number of large-scale industrialization leading enterprises, in particular national and provincial key enterprises. For the industrial management of the farmers in terms of its credit is the main source of rural credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, but the service area is strictly divided according to administrative divisions, so the household loan market is actually a complete monopoly structure of the seller. For a large number of leading enterprises between farmers and between the various types of large-scale leading enterprises and economic organizations of small and medium terms, the credit market is oligopolistic (rural credit cooperatives and the Agricultural Bank) monopoly of credit to meet the rate of naturally lower. In addition, different agencies lack the necessary organizational collaboration is a more prominent issue. With the state-owned Agricultural Bank and other large-scale withdrawal from the rural branches of finance, rural credit cooperatives in rural areas as the main form of formal finance in the organization but not occur on the market are limited to discrete sense of coordination or restructuring, rural credit cooperatives, the main support the production and operation of farmers, the Agricultural Bank is focused on the industrialization of leading enterprises of high-quality financial services, business development, lack of coordination between the two, there was no functional complementation of the business agent. Moreover, the rural credit cooperatives in itself but also because of institutional and technical factors such as failure to achieve operational coordination.
(2) lack of formal financial system vitality. China's rural formal financial system, in addition to the four major state-owned commercial banks (including the Agricultural Bank of China), there are rural credit cooperatives, rural cooperative banks, rural commercial banks, agricultural development banks and postal savings. Joint-stock commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives and city commercial banks play the role of small, usually only involve a small number of large rural enterprises financing. China Agricultural Development Bank is financing agriculture (particularly the acquisition financing of national grain and cotton) and policy banks. In addition to postal savings, the official of the other rural financial institutions regulated by the People's Bank of China, Postal Savings mainly regulated by the state post office, bank supervision is limited. Existing formal financial institutions in support of agricultural industrialization shortcomings, simply because the reforms not in place, and incentive and restraint mechanism is not perfect. On the one hand, China's existing formal rural financial institutions are not endogenous rural economic development results, and thus there is a well-known deficiencies in the system. On the other hand, industrial management of agriculture is the main goal of the behavior of profit maximization, which also calls for rural financial institutions based on the marginal revenue equals marginal cost in the delivery of funds, but for preventing and defusing financial risks to consider, over-development of China's formal financial focus on the assets of the security requirements. Agricultural Bank and rural credit cooperatives both are generally received credit on the power, strict loan approval procedures and approval criteria, and strengthen the non-performing loan ratio of target assessment, resulting in the issue of new loans, there has been a lot of "credit crunch" and "cautious credit "behavior. At the same time, the Agricultural Bank has begun to shrink the business boundaries, and gradually shrink from the rural sector, the business to cities, a significant reduction in agricultural loans. Instability in the organization and function of variable constraints of the rural financial system to support the development of agricultural industrialization role to play.
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