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恩施翻譯公司關鍵字：supervision. For example, the supervisory role of the leaders, that only 8% of the strong, strong 35%, the average 46%, 11% not very useful. For the "number one very wrong ideas," only 2.8% said they would "try to persuade them to give up this idea," against their "support and implementation" also accounted for 5.36%. If it is "superior inappropriate practices", the lower the attitude of obedience is even more obvious, although 60% of people choose to "appeal to higher authorities to consider carefully", but "no position" and "blind support" for each 8.6%, against "to do so" and as high as 22.9%.
4, recognizing the lack of quality, but still lack a positive attitude towards learning, the effect is not satisfactory. As mentioned earlier, in answer to "strengthen the governing capacity of the primary concerns," there are 63.9% of the option is "to improve the quality of cadres"; When asked to "the weakest link in the leadership", the identity is a "lack of theoretical foundation." and "research is not strong," accounted for 83%; although 60% felt that their love of learning, but this study is mainly the newspaper (52.8%) and meetings and reading documents (44.4%), very little reading and Internet search for learning and active learning system. Factors that affect learning, 63.9% of the candidates 'busy with work, energy is not enough ", 19.4% of the candidates' learning theory of little use." After training, the main change is to expand their knowledge (40%), real progress was not significant (37.1%), values ??and behavior changes little.
Third, some discussionCombining the first two parts of this analysis, the following points can be made simple analysis.1, increase the cost of corruption and corruption-free income. On our present and future for a period of time in terms of socio-economic development situation, the assumption of rational economic man is still the people's basic behavioral tendencies, therefore, from the economic perspective and analyze the causes of corruption, to develop appropriate anti-corruption response is very important. These measures, to this point, is to increase the risk of corruption or integrity of the costs and benefits, make rational economic choice from the self-interest is not corrupt.
2, strengthen the system, the formation of checks and balances of power and supervision. Because the system by establishing clear rules to improve transparency of information, thus reducing the uncertainty of people's behavior choices; system through well-defined rights, to better show the different behavior of selected income, to encourage the emergence of honest behavior; third , the system through the establishment of the basic rules of social activities, to expand the human economic, political, legal, cultural and other fields of choice to suppress corruption caused by monopoly power. From the above analysis, China's emergence of corruption, is not no system, but the system is flawed, nor is incomplete sense of the imperfect, but the institutional structure of the intrinsic defects, mainly the lack of internal checks and balances, because there is no separation of powers based power structure, the power of supervision is difficult to place, especially for leaders of supervision is very difficult, the system would be difficult to implement, or implement, monitor costs so high that no role to play. System should be designed on the assumption that everyone is a "villain." (Hume that "rogue principle") because the system implementation and supervision of all costs, and better control of corruption also need economic development to provide more resources to combat possible corruption of society to pay more costs.
3, the complexity of people and enlightenment. People are complicated, and people in addition to utilitarian purposes, it is also love the performance. The essence, people have to demonstrate its vitality and creativity (Zhuzheng Guo, 2003), which also determines, the performance of each selection in different ways, thus showing a human complexity. People in addition to economic rationality, but also non-rational elements, there are also "non-rational corruption" and "non-rational integrity." For example, through ideological education, the formation of people ashamed of corruption, the concept of honest pride, into a value and belief systems within, and is the "mettle difficult to move", you can make the calculations to corruption. " useful "and not without risk to corruption. Further it is not calculated, because the human mind is subject to some divine, transcendent things inherent constraints. This means that the importance of education, education, more precisely, enlightenment (not entirely rational) can change the person's utility function or preferences, making it a noble person, that no "general corruption." Enlightenment can solve the system or because the system is too costly and not solve the problem. Ancient China had "villain", "gentleman" argument. In fact, here's "villain" is preoccupied with personal gain and loss of people's "rational economic man" in this class of people, ten, eight, nine is the kind of opportunism, the "villain" (given the chance, will gain personal benefits), and twelve as a "loyalty villain", they benefit far-sighted. The ten "loyalty villain", probably will have twelve into a true "gentleman", they "utilitarian-oriented type of" people are different, is "performance-oriented style", see the interests of the lighter, the motivation is mainly to express themselves (in order, charisma, etc.), the so-called "gentlemen's self-reliance." The gentleman is the most successful "saints", but success,
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